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"Beijing Winter Olympics ice venues adopted energy-saving refrigeration systems and environmentally friendly refrigerants, which actively promoted the sustainable development strategy of the International Olympic Committee. Among them, the use of carbon dioxide refrigeration systems was the first to demonstrate environmental protection and sustainability for the world. The choice of R449A refrigerant will make the Beijing Winter Olympics the lowest GWP (Global Warming Potential) value of the refrigerant in the ice venues in the history of the Winter Olympics.” Recently, the relevant officials of the International Olympic Committee expressed their opinions on the Winter Olympics. Special praise for the environmental protection choices in the construction of the Beijing Winter Olympics venues.
It is understood that for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, 7 ice venues have been built or renovated, with a total of 9 ice surfaces, all of which use environmentally friendly refrigeration systems and refrigerants, of which 5 ice surfaces use carbon dioxide (R744) transcritical direct refrigeration system , 4 pieces of ice use R449A refrigerant.
After a series of testing activities and testing competitions, the high-quality ice surface of the ice venues for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics has been well received by players of various events at home and abroad. In addition, the ice surface of these seven ice venues is also environmentally friendly and sustainable. From the design to the implementation of the ice-making scheme, the concept of "green Olympics" runs through.
It is understood that at the beginning of the design of the ice-making scheme for ice venues, it was originally planned to use R507 refrigerant, which is currently widely used around the world and meets the requirements of the Montreal Protocol for developing countries, but its GWP value is 3985, which is relatively high.
In order to make the venues of the Beijing Winter Olympics more environmentally friendly and sustainable, with the support of the International Olympic Committee and international experts, the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics actively researches the international development trends and current practical technologies of refrigerants, and cooperates with domestic refrigerants. Well-known experts in the external refrigeration industry have discussed and discussed many times and confirmed that two refrigeration systems can be selected: one is the carbon dioxide transcritical direct refrigeration system, which is suitable for venues that make ice all year round, such as the national speed skating stadium; the other is the traditional refrigeration system, suitable for Venues that do not need to make ice all year round, such as the Water Cube, the National Stadium, etc.
Zhang Xinrong, a professor at Peking University and a well-known expert in the field of international natural refrigerant research, believes that the carbon dioxide transcritical direct refrigeration system has the advantages of high safety, low energy consumption and operating costs, and environmental friendliness, and all heat can be recycled. It is one of the most promising working fluids in the system, which can enable the efficient operation of the cooling and heating integration of the stadium energy system, and has broad application prospects on a global scale.
The ice-making technical plan of the National Speed Skating Hall has been repeatedly demonstrated by more than 10 academicians, top experts from domestic industry associations, and construction representatives. Ice-making technology is proposed.
"Experts from international sports organizations once said that the national speed skating hall can meet the standards of the Winter Olympics by using the internationally used environmentally friendly ice-making technology. However, after 18 months of exploration, the Chinese team has turned over the data of the refrigeration system of the speed skating halls of previous Winter Olympic Games. After analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of all refrigerants in the world, we finally came up with more advanced ice-making technology.” said Song Jiafeng, an engineer who participated in the construction of the National Speed Skating Stadium.
Behind innovation, environmental considerations are the most important factor. According to Song Jiafeng, before the Beijing Winter Olympics, the carbon dioxide transcritical direct refrigeration system had never been used in large ice venues in the world. The CO2 refrigerant has an ODP (Ozone Depleting Potential) value of 0 and a GWP value of only 1, while the carbon emissions of conventional refrigerants are 3985 times that of the equivalent CO2 refrigerant. After the waste heat generated by carbon dioxide refrigeration is recovered, it can provide 70 degrees Celsius hot water for domestic hot water and dehumidification regeneration. Compared with the traditional refrigeration method, the national speed skating hall uses carbon dioxide to make ice with a 30% increase in energy efficiency, saving about 2 million kWh of electricity a year.
In terms of traditional refrigerant selection, current international organizations, such as the American Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI), have determined that the replacement refrigerant for R507 at this stage can be R449A. The GWP value of R449A is 1282, which is 68% lower than that of R507.
The Beijing National Swimming Center, National Gymnasium and Wukesong Sports Center are the main venues for the 2008 Summer Olympics, and will host curling and ice hockey competitions during the 2022 Winter Olympics. In response to the concept of "green, shared, open and clean", the three venues selected R449A refrigerant after conducting research on equipment suppliers, design engineers and service providers.
Experts in the refrigeration industry say that the use of R449A refrigerant is an example of proactive measures to move towards environmental sustainability goals without compromising system performance and economic sustainability.
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